Ii-inductors zendlela eqhelekileyo, zihlala zisetyenziswa ekutshintsheni amandla ekhompyuter ukucoca imowudi eqhelekileyo yemiqondiso yokuphazamiseka kombane. Kuyilo lwebhodi, i-inductor yemowudi eqhelekileyo ikwadlala indima yokucoca i-EMI, esetyenziselwa ukucinezela i-radiation yangaphandle kunye nokukhutshwa kwamaza ombane oveliswa yimigca yemiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu.
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yamacandelo magnetic, i-inductors isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiisekethe ze-elektroniki zamandla. Yinxalenye eyimfuneko ngakumbi kwiisekethe zamandla. Okufana nokuhanjiswa kombane kwizixhobo zolawulo lwamashishini kunye neemitha zamandla ombane (iimitha zeyure ye-watt) kwiinkqubo zamandla. Izihluzi kwi-input and output end of switching power supply equipment, i-tuners kwi-TV eyamkelayo kunye neziphelo zokuhambisa, njl. Imisebenzi ephambili yee-inductors kwiisekethe ze-elektroniki zezi: ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukuhluza, ukuminxa, i-resonance, njl. Kwimijikelezo yamandla, ekubeni iisekethe zijongene nokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane omkhulu okanye i-voltages ephezulu, i-inductors ininzi "uhlobo lwamandla" inductors.
Ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuba i-inductor yamandla ihluke kwi-inductor encinci yokucwangcisa, i-topology ye-switching power supply yahlukile ngexesha loyilo, kwaye indlela yoyilo nayo ineemfuno zayo, ibangela ubunzima bokuyila.Ii-inductorskwiisekethe zonikezelo lwamandla zangoku zisetyenziselwa ukuhluza, ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, kunye nokulungiswa kwezinto zamandla. Uyilo lwe-Inductor lugubungela imiba emininzi yolwazi efana nethiyori ye-electromagnetic, izixhobo zemagneti, kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko. Abaqulunqi kufuneka babe nokuqonda okucacileyo kweemeko zokusebenza kunye neemfuno ezinxulumene nepharamitha (njengangoku, i-voltage, i-frequency, ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, iipropati zezinto eziphathekayo, njl.) ukwenza izigqibo. Olona yilo lunengqiqo.
Ukuhlelwa kwee-inductors:
I-inductors inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yesicelo sabo, isakhiwo semveliso, imilo, ukusetyenziswa, njl. Ekutshintsheni izixhobo zombane, ii-inductors zinokwahlulwa zibe:
Imowudi eqhelekileyo Choke
Ukulungiswa kweFactor Factor-PFC Choke
Inductor edityanisiweyo edityanisiweyo (Coupler Choke)
Inductor yogcino lwamandla (Smooth Choke)
Ikhoyili yeMagnetic amplifier (Ikhoyili ye-MAG AMP)
I-inductors yendlela eqhelekileyo yokucoca idinga ukuba iikhoyili ezimbini zibe nexabiso elifanayo le-inductance, i-impedance efanayo, njl.
Zisebenza njani ii-inductors zemowudi eqhelekileyo:
Inductor yendlela eqhelekileyo yokucoca ikwabizwa ngokuba yimowudi yokukrwitsha yekhoyili (emva koku ibizwa ngokuba yi-inductor yemowudi eqhelekileyo okanye i-CM.M.Choke) okanye Isihluzo somgca.
I-inductors yendlela eqhelekileyo yokucoca idinga ukuba iikhoyili ezimbini zibe nexabiso elifanayo le-inductance, i-impedance efanayo, njl.
Zisebenza njani ii-inductors zemowudi eqhelekileyo:
Inductor yendlela eqhelekileyo yokucoca ikwabizwa ngokuba yimowudi yokukrwitsha yekhoyili (emva koku ibizwa ngokuba yi-inductor yemowudi eqhelekileyo okanye i-CM.M.Choke) okanye Isihluzo somgca.
Kwiukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla, ngenxa yeenguqu ezikhawulezayo zangoku okanye i-voltage kwi-diode yokulungisa, i-filter capacitor kunye ne-inductor, imithombo yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (ingxolo) iyenziwa. Kwangaxeshanye, kukwakho ingxolo ephezulu ye-harmonic ngaphandle kwezandi zombane kwigalelo lombane. Ukuba ezi ziphazamiso azipheliswa, Ukunyanzeliswa kuya kubangela umonakalo wokulayisha izixhobo okanye umbane wokutshintsha ngokwawo. Ke ngoko, iiarhente ezilawula ukhuseleko kumazwe aliqela zikhuphe imimiselo malunga nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions.
imimiselo yolawulo oluhambelanayo. Okwangoku, ukutshintshwa kwamaxesha okutshintsha amandla ombane kuya kusiba phezulu, kwaye i-EMI iya isiba mandundu. Ke ngoko, izihluzi ze-EMI kufuneka zifakwe ekutshintsheni izixhobo zombane. Izihluzi ze-EMI kufuneka zicinezele zombini imo yesiqhelo kunye nengxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile. umgangatho. Isihluzi semowudi yesiqhelo sinoxanduva lokucoca umqondiso wophazamiseko wemowudi phakathi kwelayini ezimbini kwigalelo okanye kwisiphelo semveliso, kwaye isihluzo semowudi eqhelekileyo sinoxanduva lokucoca isignali yophazamiseko yemowudi eqhelekileyo phakathi kwemigca emibini yegalelo. Eyona inductors yemowudi eqhelekileyo inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: AC CM.M.CHOKE; I-DC CM.M.CHOKE kunye ne-SIGNAL CM.M.CHOKE ngenxa yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Kufuneka zahlulwe xa kuyilwa okanye kukhethwa. Kodwa umgaqo wayo wokusebenza uyafana, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso (1):
Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso, iiseti ezimbini zeekhoyili ezineendlela ezichaseneyo zenzakala kwindandatho yamagnetic efanayo. Ngokomthetho wetyhubhu yesandla sasekunene, xa amandla ombane emowudi yokwahluka kunye ne-polarity echaseneyo kunye ne-amplitude yophawu olufanayo isetyenziswa kwiitheminali zegalelo A kunye ne-B, xa , kukho i-i2 yangoku eboniswe kumgca oqinileyo, kunye ne-magnetic flux. Φ2 eboniswe kumgca oqinileyo uveliswa kwi-core magnetic. Logama nje ii-wingings ezimbini zilungelelene ngokupheleleyo, i-magnetic fluxes kumacala amabini ahlukeneyo kumbindi wemagnethi iyarhoxisa enye kwenye. I-flux yamagnetic iyonke yi-zero, i-coil inductance iphantse i-zero, kwaye akukho mpembelelo yokuphazamiseka kwisignali yemowudi eqhelekileyo. Ukuba isignali yemowudi eqhelekileyo kunye ne-polarity efanayo kunye ne-amplitude elinganayo isetyenziswe kwi-terminal yegalelo A kunye ne-B, kuya kubakho i-i1 yangoku eboniswe ngumgca onamachaphaza, kunye ne-magnetic flux Φ1 eboniswe ngumgca ochokozayo iya kuveliswa kwimagnethi. undoqo, ke i-magnetic flux kwi-core will Banolwalathiso olufanayo kunye nokuqinisa omnye nomnye, ukuze ixabiso le-inductance yekhoyili nganye liphindwe kabini xa likhona lodwa, kunye ne-XL = ωL. Ngoko ke, i-coil yale ndlela yokucima inefuthe elinamandla lokucinezela ukuphazamiseka kwemodi eqhelekileyo.
Isihluzi sangempela se-EMI siqulunqwe ngu-L kunye no-C. Xa kuyilwa, imo yokwahlula kunye neesekethe zokucinezela imo yesiqhelo zihlala zidityanisiwe (njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 2). Ngoko ke, uyilo kufuneka lusekelwe kubukhulu be-filter capacitor kunye nemimiselo efunekayo yokhuseleko. Imigangatho yenza izigqibo kumaxabiso e-inductor.
Kumzobo, i-L1, i-L2, kunye ne-C1 yenza isihluzo semo yesiqhelo, kwaye i-L3, i-C2, kunye ne-C3 yenza isihluzo semowudi eqhelekileyo.
Uyilo lweNdlela yoMyili weNdlela eqhelekileyo
Ngaphambi kokuyila i-inductor yemowudi eqhelekileyo, qala ujonge ukuba ikhoyili kufuneka ihambelane nale migaqo ilandelayo:
1 > Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, i-core magnetic ayiyi kuhluthwa ngenxa yombane wangoku.
I-2 > Kufuneka ibe ne-impedance enkulu eyaneleyo yeempawu zokuphazamiseka kwe-high-frequency interference, i-bandwidth ethile, kunye ne-impedance encinci ye-signal current kwi-frequency yokusebenza.
I-3 > I-coefficient yokushisa ye-inductor kufuneka ibe yincinci, kwaye i-capacitance esasazwayo kufuneka ibe yincinci.
I-4> Ukuchasana kwe-DC kufuneka kube kuncinci kunokwenzeka.
I-5>I-induction inductance kufuneka ibe nkulu ngokusemandleni, kwaye ixabiso le-inductance kufuneka lizinzile.
I-6 >I-insulation phakathi kwama-windings kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokhuseleko.
Amanyathelo oyilo lwemodedi eqhelekileyo:
Inyathelo 0 Ukufumana i-SPEC: Inqanaba elivumelekileyo le-EMI, indawo yesicelo.
Inyathelo 1 Misela ixabiso le-inductance.
Inyathelo lesi-2 Izinto ezingundoqo kunye neenkcukacha zimiselwa.
Inyathelo lesi-3 Khangela inani lokujikoza kunye nedayamitha yocingo.
Inyathelo lesi-4 Ukuqinisekisa
Inyathelo 5Uvavanyo
Imizekelo yoyilo
Inyathelo 0: I-EMI filter circuit njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 3
CX = 1.0 Uf Cy = 3300PF EMI inqanaba: Fcc Class B
Uhlobo: Ac Common Mode Choke
Inyathelo 1: Misela i-inductance (L):
Inokubonwa kumzobo wesekethe ukuba isignali yemowudi eqhelekileyo icinezelwe sisihluzo semowudi eqhelekileyo eyenziwe yi-L3, C2, kunye neC3. Enyanisweni, i-L3, i-C2, kunye ne-C3 zenza iisekethe ezimbini ze-LC series, ezithatha ingxolo ye-L kunye ne-N lines ngokulandelelana. Ngethuba nje i-frequency cut-off ye-filter circuit inqunywe kwaye i-capacitance C iyaziwa, i-inductance L inokufumaneka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
fo= 1/(2π√LC)L → 1/(2πfo)2C
Ngokuqhelekileyo i-bandwidth yovavanyo lwe-EMI imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Uphazamiseko oluqhutywayo: 150KHZ → 30MHZ (Qaphela: umgangatho we-VDE 10KHZ – 30M)
Ukuphazamiseka kwemitha: 30MHZ 1GHZ
Esona sihluzi asikwazi ukufikelela kwigophe elingumnqantsa lesihluzo esifanelekileyo, kwaye i-cutoff frequency inokusetwa malunga ne-50KHZ. Apha, ukuthatha i-fo = 50KHZ, ngoko
L =1/(2πfo)2C = 1/ [( 2*3.14*50000)2 *3300*10-12] = 3.07mH
I-L1, i-L2, kunye ne-C1 yenza i-(i-low-pass) yokucoca imo yesiqhelo. Umthamo phakathi kwemigca yi-1.0uF, ngoko ke imowudi yesiqhelo inductance yile:
L = 1/ [( 2*3.14*50000)2 *1*10-6] = 10.14uH
Ngale ndlela, ixabiso le-inductance elifunekayo ngokwethiyori linokufumaneka. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana isisikwa esisezantsi se-frequency fo, ungalonyusa ngakumbi ixabiso le-inductance. I-frequency cut-off frequency ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-10KHZ. Ngokwethiyori, okukhona i-inductance iphezulu, kokukhona isiphumo sokucinezelwa kwe-EMI, kodwa i-inductance ephezulu kakhulu iya kwenza ukuba i-cutoff frequency ibe phantsi, kwaye isihluzo sokwenyani sinokufezekisa kuphela i-broadband ethile, eyenza isiphumo sokucinezelwa kwengxolo ephezulu-frequency ibe mandundu (ngokubanzi. Inxalenye yengxolo yombane wokutshintsha imalunga ne-5 ~ 10MHZ, kodwa kukho iimeko apho idlula i-10MHZ). Ukongezelela, i-inductance ephezulu, i-inductance iphezulu, okanye iphezulu i-ui ye-CORE, eya kubangela ukuba i-impedance ephantsi-frequency inyuke (i-DCR iba nkulu). Njengoko inani leenguqu landa, i-capacitance esasazwayo nayo iyanda (njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 4), ukuvumela yonke i-high-frequency currents ukuba ihambe ngeli khono. I-UI ephezulu kakhulu yenza ukuba i-CORE ihluthe ngokulula, kwaye kunzima kakhulu kwaye kuyabiza ukuyivelisa.
Inyathelo lesi-2 Khangela izinto ezi-CORE kunye noSIZE
Ukususela kwiimfuno zoyilo olungentla, sinokwazi ukuba i-inductor yemodi eqhelekileyo kufuneka ibe nzima ukuyihlutha, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo ezinomlinganiselo ophantsi we-BH. Ngenxa yokuba ixabiso eliphezulu le-inductance liyafuneka, ixabiso le-ui le-core magnetic kufuneka libe phezulu, kwaye kufuneka libe nalo Ngelahleko ephantsi ephantsi kunye nexabiso eliphezulu le-Bs, i-Mn-Zn ferrite material CORE okwangoku yeyona nto ifanelekileyo ye-CORE edibana ngaphezulu kweemfuno.
Akukho migaqo ethile kwi-COEE SIZE ngexesha loyilo. Ngokomgaqo, kufuneka kuphela ukuhlangabezana ne-inductance efunekayo kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani bemveliso eyiliweyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lwelahleko ephantsi.
Ngoko ke, izinto ze-CORE kunye ne-SIZE yokukhutshwa kufuneka ihlolwe ngokusekelwe kwindleko, ilahleko evumelekileyo, indawo yokufakela, njl njl. Ixabiso le-CORE eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo le-inductors yemodi eqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-2000 kunye ne-10000. I-Iron Powder Core nayo inelahleko yentsimbi ephantsi, i-Bs ephezulu kunye ne-low. I-BH angle ratio, kodwa i-ui yayo iphantsi, ngoko ke ayisetyenziswanga ngokubanzi kwi-inductors yemowudi eqhelekileyo, kodwa olu hlobo lwe-core lunye lwe-inductors yemo yesiqhelo. Izinto ezikhethwayo.
Inyathelo lesi-3 Khangela inani lokujika N kunye nedayamitha yocingo dw
Okokuqala misela iinkcukacha ze-CORE. Umzekelo, kulo mzekelo, T18*10*7, A10, AL = 8230±30%, emva koko:
N = √L / AL = √(3.07*106 ) / (8230*70%) = 23 TS
Idayamitha yocingo isekelwe kubuninzi obukhoyo be-3 ~ 5A/mm2. Ukuba indawo ivumela, ukuxinana kwangoku kunokukhethwa ngokuphantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Cinga ukuba igalelo langoku I = 1.2A kulo mzekelo, thatha J = 4 A/mm2
Emva koko Aw = 1.2 / 4 = 0.3 mm2 Φ0.70 mm
I-inductor yemodi eqhelekileyo yokwenene kufuneka ivavanywe ngeesampuli zangempela ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka koyilo, kuba ukungafani kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa kuya kukhokelela ekuhlukeni kwiiparitha ze-inductor kunye nokuchaphazela umphumo wokucoca. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyuka kwe-capacitance esasazwayo kuya kubangela ingxolo ephezulu-frequency. Kulula ukuthumela. I-asymmetry yee-windings ezimbini yenza umehluko kwi-inductance phakathi kwamaqela amabini amakhulu, okwenza i-impedance ethile kwisignali yendlela eqhelekileyo.
Shwankathela
I-1 > Umsebenzi we-inductor yendlela eqhelekileyo kukucoca ngaphandle ingxolo yemowudi eqhelekileyo kumgca. Uyilo lufuna ukuba ii-windings ezimbini zibe nesakhiwo esilinganayo ngokupheleleyo kunye neeparamitha zombane ezifanayo.
I-2 > I-capacitance esasazwayo ye-inductor yemodi eqhelekileyo inefuthe elibi ekucinezeleni ingxolo ephezulu-frequency kwaye kufuneka icuthwe.
I-3 > Ixabiso le-inductance ye-inductor yemodi eqhelekileyo ihambelana nebhendi yefrikhwensi yengxolo efuna ukuhluzwa kunye ne-capacitance ehambelanayo. Ixabiso le-inductance lihlala liphakathi kwe-2mH ~ 50 mH.
Umthombo wenqaku: Iphinde yashicilelwa kwi-Intanethi
UXuange wasekwa ngo-2009ii-transformers eziphezulu nezisezantsi, ii-inductors kunyeIzixhobo zombane zokuqhuba i-LEDaveliswayo asetyenziswa kakhulu kubonelelo lwamandla ombane, unikezelo lwamandla kumashishini, unikezelo lwamandla amatsha, izixhobo zombane ze-LED kunye namanye amashishini.
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