Phakathi kwazo zonke izinto, kusoloko kukho "ixesha eliqinisekileyo" elifanele ukukhunjulwa. Unyaka omdala uphelile, kwaye kubalulekile kumajelo eendaba ukuba ahlole kwaye athathele ingqalelo la maxesha. Ibeka ithoni yonyaka kwaye irekhoda uphuhliso lwangoku lweshishini lemveliso laseTshayina.
Ubuchwephesha obuphembelela uphuhliso lweshishini luyakhula
I-2023 ngunyaka wokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwe-AI. Ubukho be-AI buphezulu ngendlela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili. Igama lonyaka le-Collins Dictionary lithi AI. Akukho mntu unokunqanda ukuvela kwexesha lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Ngoko ke, kulo nyaka uphelileyo, zeziphi iziganeko ezinkulu ezenzeke kwintsimi ye-high-tech eye yachaphazela uphuhliso lwei-inductor transformerishishini?
01 NcokolaGPT
Ekupheleni kuka-2022, i-ChatGPT yazalwa. Ngo-2023, i-ChatGPT iya kube sele idlulile izihlandlo ezininzi, ikhawulezisa kakhulu uphuhliso lwabantu kwicandelo lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa.
Xa kuthelekiswa nemodeli yenkonzo yolwazi ye-injini yokukhangela igama elingundoqo elibunjwe ngokubunjwa kwixesha le-Intanethi, i-ChatGPT iye yatshintshela kwimiyalelo yolwimi lwendalo ukubiza ulwazi ngexesha leemodeli ezinkulu, kwaye iguqukile kwi-graphical interface touch interaction ukuya kwincoko yendalo yolwimi, ukuzala. kwixesha lokunxibelelana kolwimi lwendalo. Ukufika kwakhona kwenza ukusebenzisana komntu-kwikhompyuter kube kwendalo, okusebenzayo kunye nobuntu.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-ChatGPT ayiyona nje impumelelo kwisizukulwana esitsha seerobhothi zencoko kunye ne-AI evelisayo, kodwa iya kuzisa utshintsho oluphazamisayo kwinguqu yengqondo yedijithali kunye nokuphucula imboni ye-AI kunye namashishini ahlukeneyo, ngaloo ndlela iphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iguqule i-paradigm yoshishino. Ulwakhiwo lwemodeli yolwazi kunye nokukhuthaza ubukrelekrele obunzulu Ushishino lwenkonzo luyanyuswa kwaye lujolise kwimarike.
02 AI
Ukujonga emva kwi-2023, ukunyuka kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-AI kuyamangalisa. Ukususela ekubhaleni nasekuguquleleni kuse ekuphuhlisweni kwezinto ezintsha, batshintsha ihlabathi ngesantya esothusayo. I-2023 yindawo ebalulekileyo yokuguqula umhlaba ukusuka kwixesha le-Intanethi ukuya kwi-AI metaverse. I-AIGC sele iqalisile ukunyuka ngokwenyani kwaye yaduma, kwaye i-AI ibonise ubuchule bokusungula obumangalisayo kunye nesakhono kwinkalo yesayensi nethekhinoloji.
Ubuchwephesha obutsha obumelwe yi-AI bunempembelelo enkulu kwiinkqubo zemveliso, iimodeli zemveliso, iinkqubo zokubonelela kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye nokusebenza. Okokuqala, ukukwazi kwezixhobo ze-AI ukujonga iisampuli ngokubonakalayo ziphucula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ziyakwazi ukubona iziphene ezincinci kwiimveliso ezifana neebhodi zeesekethe kwisisombululo esingaphaya koluhlu lombono womntu; okwesibini, ngokulungelelanisa kunye nokuphucula iiparitha kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, i-AI inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimveliso. Iiparamitha zoomatshini abaninzi abasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa zisetelwe ukwandisa inkqubo yokuvelisa; eyesithathu kukuphucula uyilo kunye nempumelelo yokuvelisa kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweemveliso ezintsha.
03 isizukulwana sesithathu semiconductor
Ngo-2023, izixhobo zamandla ze-gallium nitride zifumene ingqwalasela ephezulu kunangaphambili kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ziye zaba yeyona nkwenkwezi iqaqambileyo kwisizukulwana sesithathu semathiriyeli ye-semiconductor.
Ngokoqikelelo lukaYole, ixabiso lemakethi yesixhobo sombane seGaN liya kunyuka lisuka kwi-126 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2021 liye kwi-2.04 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2028, ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esifikelela kuma-49%. Iya kuthandwa zizicelo ezinje ngombane wabathengi, iimoto, unxibelelwano, kunye namaziko edatha. Kukho plus. Kwangaxeshanye, inani elikhulu labavelisi bazama ukufezekisa impumelelo yetekhnoloji kunye nemveliso kwiGaN ukubamba amathuba entengiso. Ukhuphiswano oluqatha lukhuthaza ngokukhawuleza i-gallium nitride ukuba ibe yinye yeetekhnoloji eziphambili zokunciphisa iindleko, ukuphuculwa kobuchule kunye nophuhliso lohlaza oluzinzileyo.
Njengoko ishishini le-semiconductor yehlabathi lingena kumjikelo omde wokuhla, i-silicon carbide, enye into ebalulekileyo yesizukulwana sesithathu semiconductor imathiriyeli, yindawo enqabileyo eqaqambileyo.
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, ukusuka kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023, iimodeli ezingama-40 ze-silicon carbide zingene kwimveliso yobuninzi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi kweemodeli ze-silicon carbide kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka kudlule kwi-1.2 yezigidi. Ngokujonga kwinguqulelo ka-2023 ye "Power Silicon Carbide Report" ekhutshwe yiYole Intelligence, ishishini le-silicon carbide lifikelele ekukhuleni kwerekhodi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba imakethi yezixhobo ze-silicon carbide yehlabathi iya kukhula ifikelele kwi-9 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. 2028.
Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini elitsha lamandla luya kukhuthaza ukuqhuma kwemfuno yezinto ze-semiconductor zesizukulwana sesithathu, kwaye ishishini liya kuzisa amathuba amahle ophuhliso. Izinto ze-semiconductor zesizukulwana sesithathu zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-radio frequency frequency kunye nezixhobo zamandla kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zeziseko ezitsha ezifana ne-5G iziseko, izithuthi zamandla amatsha, iimfumba zokutshaja, i-UHV kunye nokuhamba ngololiwe, kwaye ishishini lijongene namathuba amakhulu ophuhliso.
04 superconductor
Nangona kunjalo, umnqweno wezinto ezitsha nawo ubangele i-farce kuluntu lwezenzululwazi. Ehlotyeni lika-2023, iqela lophando lwezenzululwazi laseMzantsi Korea labanga ukuba lifumene ikristale ye-LK-99, i-atmospheric-pressure, i-superconductor yobushushu begumbi enokufikelela kwi-superconductivity engaphantsi kwe-127 degrees Celsius kwindawo eqhelekileyo yomoya. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza kwaqinisekiswa ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zazingenazo iimpawu zokumelana ne-zero, ezazikude neempawu ezilindelekileyo zokuchasa "iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu".
Nangona i-farce, izazinzulu azizange ziyeke ukuhlola izixhobo ze-superconducting. NgoDisemba i-2023, amaqela ophando lwezenzululwazi aquka i-State Key Laboratory ye-Luminescent Materials kunye neZixhobo ze-South China University of Technology, iYunivesithi yaseCentral South, kunye neYunivesithi yeSayensi ye-Electronic kunye neTekhnoloji yaseChina ifumene ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba i-LK-99 inesigaba se-superconducting.
Kutshanje, uphando malunga neengcibi zobushushu obuphezulu kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard eUnited States lwenze inkqubela ebalulekileyo. Abaphandi baye baqulunqa isicwangciso esitsha sokudala kunye nokuxhaphaza i-superconductors ephezulu yokushisa, ngakumbi i-cuprate superconductors, enika isikhokelo esitsha soyilo lwezixhobo ezintsha ze-superconducting. Iziphumo zophando ezifanelekileyo zapapashwa kwijenali yeSayensi.
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Kangangeenkulungwane zeminyaka, abantu baxakeke kuphando kunye nokuphononongwa kwezixhobo ze-superconducting. "Imiboniso eboniswe kwihlabathi lezenzululwazi livela kwakhona kwihlabathi labantu" isenokungabi yingcamango yothando kwixesha elizayo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-11-2024