1. Isishwankathelo sokuTshintsha uBonelelo lwaMandla
Ukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandlasisixhobo sokuguqula amandla ombane aphezulu-frequency, ekwaziwa njengokutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla okanye isiguquli sokutshintsha. Itshintsha igalelo lombane libe ngumqondiso wepulse ephezulu-frequency ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu yokutshintsha ngesantya esiphezulu, emva koko iguqule amandla ombane ukusuka kwenye imo ukuya kwenye ngokusetyenzwa kombane.isitshintshi, isekethe yokuhlaziya kunye nokucoca isekethe, kwaye ekugqibeleni ifumana i-voltage ezinzileyo ephantsi ye-DC yonikezelo lwamandla.
Ukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla kunenzuzo yokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuzinza okuhle, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima obulula, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kwaye kunokulungiswa kwiimfuno zamandla ezixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukutshintsha ukunikezelwa kwamandla kusetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa i-automation ye-industrial, unxibelelwano kunye namandla amatsha. Kwintsimi ye-automation ye-industrial, ukutshintshwa kwamandla ombane kunika inkxaso ezinzileyo yamandla kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuzenzekelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo.
Kwintsimi yonxibelelwano, ukunikezelwa kwamandla okutshintsha kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisikhululo sesiseko esingenazingcingo, izixhobo zenethiwekhi, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokuhanjiswa komqondiso wenkqubo yonxibelelwano kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wonxibelelwano. Kwintsimi yamandla amatsha, ukutshintsha ukunikezelwa kwamandla kudlala indima ephambili kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga kunye nomoya, ukunceda ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Ukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla kuqikelelwa ukuba luqulunqwe ngamacandelo amane aphambili: isekethe yokufaka, isiguquli, isekethe yolawulo, kunye nesekethe yokuphuma. Oku kulandelayo kukutshintsha okuqhelekileyo konikezelo lwamandla lwebhloko yesakhelo somzobo, ukuqonda kubalulekile ukuba siqonde umbane wokutshintsha.
2. Ukuhlelwa kokutshintsha izixhobo zombane
Ukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla lunokwahlulwa ngokwemigangatho yokuhlela eyahlukeneyo. Ezi zilandelayo ziindlela ezininzi zokuhlela eziqhelekileyo:
1. Ukuhlelwa ngokohlobo lwamandla egalelo:
I-AC-DC yokutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla: iguqula amandla e-AC abe ngamandla eDC.
I-DC-DC yokutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla: iguqula amandla e-DC abe yenye amandla ombane e-DC.
2. Ukuhlelwa ngokwendlela yokusebenza:
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla okutshintsha okukodwa: kunombhobho omnye wokutshintsha, ofanelekileyo kwizicelo zamandla aphantsi.
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla okutshintsha kabini: kuneetyhubhu ezimbini zokutshintsha, ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo eziphezulu zamandla.
3. Ukuhlelwa ngokwetopology:
Ngokutsho kwe-topology, inokuthi ihlulwe ngokukhawuleza ibe yi-Buck, i-Boost, i-Buck-Boost, i-Flyback, i-Flyback, i-Two-Transistor Forward, i-Push-Pull, i-Half Bridge, i-Bridge Bridge, njl. Ezi ndlela zokuhlela ziyingxenye yazo kuphela. Ukutshintsha unikezelo lwamandla nako kungahlelwa ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi ngokwezinye iimfuno ezithile kunye nezicelo.
Okulandelayo, siyakwazisa iFlyback esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunye noPhambili. Phambili kunye ne-flyback zitekhnoloji ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokubonelela ngombane. Unikezelo lombane olutshintshela phambili lubhekisa kubonelelo lombane olutshintshayo olusebenzisa isiguquli sesantya esiphezulu esiya phambili ukwahlula amandla adityanisiweyo, kunye nonikezelo lombane olutshintshayo oluhambelanayo lunikezelo lombane lokutshintsha i-flyback.
2.1 Ukutshintshela phambili umbane
Ukutshintshela phambili ukunikezelwa kwamandla ombane kwisakhiwo kunzima kakhulu, kodwa amandla aphumayo aphezulu kakhulu, afanelekile kwi-100W-300W yokutshintshwa kwamandla ombane, ngokuqhelekileyo asetyenziswe kwi-low-voltage, ukunikezelwa kwamandla okutshintsha okuphezulu, okusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mzobo ungezantsi, unikezelo lwamandla okutshintsha phambili ngakumbi xa ityhubhu yokutshintsha ivuliwe, isiguquli semveliso sisebenza njengesixhobo esidityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kumandla ombane, amandla ombane kunye namandla emagnethi aguqulelwa omnye komnye, ukuze igalelo kunye nemveliso ngaxeshanye.
Kukho neentsilelo kwisicelo semihla ngemihla: njengemfuneko yokunyusa ukujika okujikelezayo (ukuthintela icoil engundoqo ye-transformer eyenziwa yi-reverse enokwenzeka kwi-switching ye-tube breakdown), i-inductor engaphezulu kweyodwa yokugcina amandla okucoca, ngoko ke xa kuthelekiswa nonikezelo lwamandla okutshintsha i-flyback, ixabiso layo liphezulu, kunye nomthamo wokuhambisa amandla ombane wokutshintsha umbane kunomthamo we-flyback switching power supply transformer mkhulu.
Ukutshintshela phambili unikezelo lwamandla
2.2 Umbane wokutshintsha iFlyback
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongezantsi, i-flyback switching power supply ibhekisela kumbane wokutshintsha osebenzisa i-flyback high-frequency transformer ukwahlula igalelo kunye neesekethe zemveliso. I-transformer yayo ayidlali kuphela indima yokuguqula i-voltage ukuhambisa amandla, kodwa iphinda idlale indima yokugcina amandla okugcina amandla. Ngoko ke, i-flyback transformer ifana noyilo lwe-inductor. Zonke iisekethe zilula kwaye kulula ukuzilawula. I-Flyback isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zamandla aphantsi we-5W-100W.
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla okutshintsha i-flyback, xa ityhubhu yokutshintsha ivuliwe, i-current inductor ephambili ye-transformer iphakama. Ekubeni i-coil ephumayo yesekethe ye-flyback ineziphelo ezichaseneyo, i-diode ephumayo icinyiwe, i-transformer igcina amandla, kwaye umthwalo unikezelwa ngamandla yi-capacitor ephumayo. Xa ityhubhu yokutshintsha icinyiwe, i-voltage inductive ye-inductor ephambili ye-transformer iguqulwa. Ngeli xesha, i-diode yokuphuma ivuliwe, kwaye amandla e-transformer anikezelwa kumthwalo nge-diode, ngelixa uhlawula i-capacitor.
Flyback utshintshe unikezelo lwamandla
Ukususela kuthelekiso, kunokubonwa ukuba i-transformer ye-excitation yangaphambili inomsebenzi we-transformer kuphela, kwaye yonke into inokuthathwa njenge-buck circuit kunye ne-transformer. I-Flyback transformer inokuthathwa njenge-inductor enomsebenzi we-transformer, i-buck-boost circuit. Ngokubanzi, umgaqo osebenzayo we-flyback wangaphambili uhlukile, phambili ngumsebenzi oyintloko wesibini, isibini asisebenzi kunye ne-inductor yangoku ukuhlaziya okwangoku, ngokubanzi imo ye-CCM.
Umba wamandla awukho phezulu, kwaye igalelo kunye nesiphumo kunye nomjikelo womsebenzi oguquguqukayo uyalingana. I-Flyback ngumsebenzi ophambili, owesibini awusebenzi, amacala amabini ngokuzimeleyo, ngokubanzi imodi ye-DCM, kodwa i-inductance ye-transformer iya kuba yinto encinci, kunye nesidingo sokongeza i-gap yomoya, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo ifanelekile kumandla amancinci naphakathi.
I-transformer yangaphambili ilungile, akukho kugcinwa kwamandla, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-excitation inductance lixabiso elilinganiselweyo, i-excitation current yenza i-core iya kuba nkulu, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-flux, i-transformer idinga i-winging encedisayo yokusetha kabusha i-flux.
I-Flyback transformer inokubonwa njengohlobo lwe-inductance edibeneyo, i-inductance yokuqala yokugcina amandla kwaye ikhutshwe, ngenxa yegalelo le-flyback transformer kunye ne-voltage ephumayo echasene ne-polarity, ngoko ke xa ityhubhu yokutshintsha icinyiwe, eyesibini inokubonelelaundoqo wemagnethinge-voltage yokusetha kwakhona, kwaye ngaloo ndlela i-flyback transformer ayifuni ukongeza i-flux eyongezelelweyo yokusetha kwakhona i-winding.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-29-2024